A Comparative Study to Assess the Stress, Depression and Anxiety among Senior Citizens Living in Selected Old Age Homes and with
Families in Bhilai, Durg (C.G.)
Roma Rani Nirmalkar1, Jaya Chakraborty2,
Sreelata Pillai3
1M.Sc. Nursing Final Year, Community Health
Nursing, P.G. College of Nursing, Bhilai, CG, India.
2Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing,
P.G. College of Nursing, Bhilai, CG, India.
3HOD, Department of Community Health Nursing, P.G. College of
Nursing, Bhilai, CG, India.
*Corresponding Author Email: jayac0822@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Older persons constitute one of the most vulnerable sections of the society. They are not only physically weak but also lack in economic resources, self-esteem and social status. Under the changing socio-economic and demographic conditions family is unable to provide support and care to the older persons and some are also feeling elderly are useless. Thus, old age put more wrinkle on one's mind than on his face. According to word of Seneca “Old age is an incurable disease''. It cannot be prevented rather it can be protected and promoted. Aims: The present study is aimed to assess the stress, depression and anxiety among senior citizens. Setting and Design: The study was conducted in Aastha parisar vridhha ashram, sector 2, Bhilai and Maitrikunj Risali, Bhilai C.G. Comparative Research Design with Nonprobability convenient sample was adopted for the study. Material and Methods: In the present study the investigator selected a sample size of 30 senior citizens living in old age home and 30 senior citizens living with families Bhilai C.G. After obtaining informed consent data was collected using – 1 Self structured questionnaire to assess the socio-demographic variables, 2. DASS-21 scale to assess the level of stress, depression and anxiety. Results: The study findings reveal that the senior citizens living in old age home were having more stress, depression and anxiety as compared to senior citizens living with their families. The results of the study reveals that there was significant association of stress level among senior citizens living with families with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; “marital status” chi-square value (13.75) was greater than the table value (11.34) at P<0.01 level of significance. The results of the study reveals that there was significant association of depression level among senior citizens living with families with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; previous residential background as the chi-square value (6.58) was greater than the table value (5.99) at P<0.05 level of significance The results of the study reveals that there was significant association of anxiety level among senior citizens living with families with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; “how do you assess your personal health” as the chi-square value 8.18 was greater than the table value (7.82) at P<0.05 at level of significance.
KEYWORDS: Senior Citizens, Stress, Depression and Anxiety.
INTRODUCTION:
Older persons constitute one of the most vulnerable sections of the society. They are not only physically weak but also lack in economic resources, self-esteem and social status. Under the changing socio-economic and demographic conditions family is unable to provide support and care to the older persons and some are also feeling elderly are useless. Thus, old age put more wrinkle on one's mind than on his face. According to word of Seneca “Old age is an incurable disease''. It cannot be prevented rather it can be protected and promoted.
Globally older people constitute 11.7% in 2013 and the share of older persons aged >80 was 14%. Presently, about 2/3rd of the world's older persons lives in developing countries. In India 7.5% population belong to age group above may projected to rise to 12.4% of population by the year 2026. There is sharp rise in age-specific death rate of 20/1000 persons in the age group of 60-64 years, 80 among 75-79 years and 200 for persons aged more than 85 years.
Park, 2023 revealed that depression in old age creates many problems in carrying out activities of daily living. In other words, there is an increased dependency on others and health care systems. They have also viewed that depression in later life has serious consequences including increased health cost, distress on care givers amplified disabilities and increased morbidity and suicide loss of a spouse takes a heavy toll on health and is one of the primary causes of depression. Being left alone often prevents many older persons from enjoying life use of multiple medicines, retirements, financial crisis, fear of death, bereavement etc. that worsen because of the situation and is the fourth most common illness, which lead to physical, emotional, social and economic problems. The prevalence rate of depression varies worldwide and their prevalence rates range between 10% and 55%. A study shows the depression ranges from 34.6% to 77.5% in old age home. Depression in late life is associated with significant morbidity, including deficits in a range of cognitive functions and considerable influences on functional impairment, disability, decreased quality of life, and has a negative effect on the body’s recovery from illness, increasing the rate of suicide, increases use of health care services and expenses and can result in early death and disturbance in general state of wellness.
1. To assess the socio demographic variables of senior citizens living in old age homes and with families in selected areas of Bhilai, Durg.
2. To assess the level of stress, depression and anxiety among senior citizens living in old age homes and with families in selected areas of Bhilai, Durg.
3. To compare the level of stress, depression and anxiety among senior citizens living in old age home and with the families in selected areas of Bhilai, Durg.
4. To find the association of stress, depression and anxiety among senior citizens living in old age homes with selected demographic variables.
5. To find the association of stress, depression and anxiety among senior citizens living with family with selected demographic variables.
6. To develop information booklet regarding prevention of stress, depression and anxiety among senior citizens living in old age homes and with the families in selected areas of Bhilai, Durg.
This is a Comparative Research Design with nonconvenient sampling as to assess the stress, depression and anxiety among senior citizens living in selected old age home and with families. It was conducted on 30 senior citizens living in Aastha parisar vridhha aashram sector 2 Bhilai and 30 senior citizens living with families in Maitrikunj, Risali, Bhilai C.G. After obtaining informed consent data was collected using –Self structured questionnaire to assess the socio-demographic variables, DASS-21 scale to assess the level of stress, depression and anxiety.
Part A:
· There was significant association of stress level among senior citizens living in old age home with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; “how often relatives visit you?” as the chi-square value (15.86) was greater than the table value (12.59) at P<0.05 level of significance.
· There was significant association of depression level among senior citizens living in old age home with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; “gender” as the chi-square value (8.57) was greater than the table value (5.99) at P<0.05 level of significance.
· There was no significant association of anxiety level among senior citizens living in old age home with selected socio demographic variables. Chi-square test was not significant.
Part B:
· There was significant association of stress level among senior citizens living with families with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; “marital status” chi-square value (13.75) was greater than the table value (11.34) at P<0.01 level of significance.
· There was significant association of depression level among senior citizens living with families with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; previous residential background as the chi-square value (6.58) was greater than the table value (5.99) at P<0.05 level of significance.
There was significant association of anxiety level among senior citizens living with families with selected socio demographic variables i.e.; “how do you assess your personal health” as the chi-square value 8.18 was greater than the table value (7.82) at P<0.05 at level of significance.
Replication of study can be done on a larger sample to generalize the study findings.
1. Similar study can be conducted with different variables.
2. A comparative study can be conducted in urban area.
3. A descriptive study to assess the level of stress, depression and anxiety among old age home.
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Received on 13.11.2024 Revised on 02.12.2024 Accepted on 14.01.2025 Published on 24.02.2025 Available online from March 17, 2025 Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2025;15(1):24-26. DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2025.00005 ©A and V Publications All right reserved
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